Project Management Methodologies - 2126 Words

Running head: Project Management Methodologies Project Management Methodologies Gary D. Rice Webster University Abstract In Business, project management is used regularly to accomplish unique outcomes with limited resources under critical time constraints. There has been a rapid increase in the number of firms that use project management methodologies as the preferred way of accomplishing almost every business undertaking. There are a number of approaches to managing project activities and in project management these approaches are referred to as methodologies. This paper attempts to explore the many different methodologies in project management and allow the reader to determine the best approach for their organization.†¦show more content†¦And it means that the process should be minimized -- barely significant. The use of the word crystal refers to the various facets of a gemstone -- each a different face on an underlying core. The underlying core represents values and principles, while each facet represents a specific set of elements such as techniques, roles, tools, and standards. Cockburn also differentiates between methodology, techniques, and policies. A methodology is a set of elements (practices, tools); techniques are skill areas such as developing use cases; and policies dictate organizational musts. Dynamic Systems Development Model (DSDM) Methodology The Dynamic Systems Development Model was developed in the U.K. in the mid-1990s. It is the evolution of rapid application development (RAD) practices. DSDM boasts the best-supported training and documentation of any of the agile software development techniques, at least in Europe. DSDM favors the philosophy that nothing is built perfectly the first time and looks to software development as an exploratory endeavor. The nine principles of DSDM are: †¢ Active user involvement. †¢ Empowered teams that the authority to can make decisions. †¢ A focus on frequent delivery of products. †¢ Using fitness for business purpose as the essential criterion for acceptance of deliverables. †¢ Iterative and incremental development to ensure convergence on anShow MoreRelatedProject Management Methodologies For Project Managers1036 Words   |  5 PagesProject Methodology There are numerous project management methodologies available for project managers to choose from. The best process or methodology must take into consideration the unique aspects of the project, including factors such as staff size and system criticality, as determined by the project manager and the core team (Cockburn, 2000). From my vantage point, the primary concern is the team member buy-in and keeping the process participatory, while managing the interaction, communicationRead MoreA Project Management Methodology For Managing Projects996 Words   |  4 Pagesability and capability to organize project management could determine the success of an organization. Generally, project managers use formal project management methodology to run projects efficiently. This article describes the explanation of the differences between PMBOK and PRINCE2, the advantages and disadvantages of those models, and the example of a project which use PMBOK methodology. The differences between PMBOK and PRINCE2 â€Å"PMBOK† stands for Project Management Body of Knowledge. PMBOK GuideRead MoreProject Management Approach / Methodology Essay939 Words   |  4 PagesProject Management Methodologies MedDev is looking to streamline their resource planning across various departments in order to support their global growth and cut costs. In order to achieve this business objective, they are undertaking ERP Implementation as a Key project which involves largest investment MedDev has ever done as a single project. Thus success of this project is of prime importance to them. In order to achieve their business objective, project management and the used methodologyRead MoreImplementation Of Project Management Methodology981 Words   |  4 Pages1. Introduction Project management methodology is a combination of sensibly related practices, systems and procedures that decide how best to arrange, create, control and convey a task all through the continuous execution process until effective completion and termination. It is a logically demonstrated, precise and trained way to deal with project design, execution and completion. The purpose of project methodology is to take into consideration controlling the whole management process through powerfulRead MoreA Research Project Management Methodologies1627 Words   |  7 PagesReflection Today, Scrum methodology is one of the most adopted/ popular project management methodologies out there. It is recognised as a simple to follow framework, but effective in terms of productivity, scalability and flexibility with change. The scrum adopts an empirical approach which bases on the idea that the problem cannot be fully understood or defined. So the framework focuses on maximising the team’s ability to deliver quickly while adapting and responding to emerging requirements. IRead MoreAgile Methodology For Project Management2433 Words   |  10 PagesAGILE METHODOLOGY IN PROJECT MANAGEMENT 3 Agile Methodology in Project Management Name Instructor Institution Location Date of Submission Table of Contents Introduction 3 Approaches in Agile Methodology 3 Principles of Agile Methodology in Project Management 4 Comparison of Agile Methodology versus Traditional Approach 5 Overall Description of Agile Methodology 7 Benefits of the Agile Methodology 8 Conclusions 9 References 10 Running head: AGILE METHODOLOGY IN PROJECT MANAGEMENTRead MoreProject Management Methodologies For The Development Essay981 Words   |  4 PagesCHAPTER TWO LITERATURE REVIEW INTRODUCTION The first chapter introduced the research problem that raised the question of whether adaption project management methodologies can be tailored down to Nigerian SMEs. This chapter presents the academic literature pertinent to the research, and places it in context of the research. The aim of this chapter is to provide the background information of the research topic and to show the gaps in the research literature, so as to identify the areas this researchRead MoreImplementing A Project Management Methodology1769 Words   |  8 PagesThe use of structured methodologies in IT Project management is increasingly recognised as one of the fundamental drivers in reducing the likelihood of incomplete and costly IT project failures. The need for a systematic approach has been highlighted through a number of survey results on the failure of IT Projects. These results demonstrate that the significant issues associated with failed projects include the lack of; a defined project organisation, po licy and procedures, implementation plans andRead MoreProject Management Methodology For The Uk2793 Words   |  12 PagesPrince 2 is a widely recognised project management methodology in the UK. For this task you are required to provide an overview of Prince 2, critically evaluate this methodology and identify the types of project it is best suited to. It is essential that you appropriately reference your work using APA referencing. In the absence of appropriate referencing marks cannot be allocated for this task. What is a project? A project is a temporary endeavour designed to produce a unique product, service orRead MoreResearch Methodology On Agile Project Management1734 Words   |  7 Pages3. Methodology Chapter 3.1 Introduction to Methodology The purpose of this chapter is to describe the research methodology used in completing this dissertation. This chapter starts out by describing the initial research and literature review that was performed and then further describe with relevant research methodology. A research method is being selected and explained. A sample of questionnaire and interview questions can be obtained in Appendix. 3.2 Prestudy and Approach ( Literature Review )

Analysis Of John Montresor s The Cask Of Amontillado

Montresor is the narrator of â€Å"The Cask of Amontillado† who is very educated and a man of stature. The entirety of the story Montresor conveyed his emotions through articulate words which exaggerated his desire to be respected. Montresor expressed how Fortunato injured him thousands of times until eventually Montresor had enough and vowed revenge. From this part of the story Montresor is angry and feeling belittled by Fortunato. Analyzing the feeling that Montresor was injured by Fortunato was really jealousy toward him. Fortunato was rich and powerful and Montresor was a joker. Fortunato must have insulted him one day and Montresor took it upon himself to never be disrespected again. Montresor is the wrong person to say anything offensive†¦show more content†¦Once Montresor states that he will go ask a man Luchresi if he can tell him if his wine is real or not Fortunato is taken aback that Montresor would not just ask him. Montresor knows Fortunato would jump at the opportunity to go to his vaults just to try his wine to prove he knows the difference between Amontillado and Sherry. The entire conversation Montresor continues to lie that he in fact just bought Amontillado and he would rather have Luchresi distinguish it for him because he does not want to interrupt any plans Fortunato had. Montresor declining Fortunato’s request amplifies Fortunato’s desire to go down into the vaults because of his pride being his weakness. Montresor knows that Fortunato is a prideful and he will exploit that weakness to lure him into the catacombs. Now Montresor is feeling as though he has the upper hand now because Fortunato is falling directly into his trap. Montresor finally gives in and allows Fortunato to come down with him to the catacombs, where his vengeance can finally take place. An already intoxicated Fortunato is offered more and more alcohol from Montresor as they get deeper into the catacombs. Montresor wants Fortunato not to be aware in the process of luring him to his death. Montresor tells his family motto to Fortunato which is â€Å"Nemo me impune lacessit. Which means â€Å"no one attacks me with impunity.† Montresor’s family motto means no person can attack or â€Å"insult† as Montresor took it, without punishment.Show MoreRelatedThe Cask Of Amontillado By Edgar Allan Poe1575 Words   |  7 PagesIs there anything that someone could do to you that would cause you to commit murder? Could you get away with it? Montresor is the murderous narrator who has committed the perfect murder in just such a tale, â€Å"The Cask of Amontillado.† Montresor plots and kills an unwary friend/foe during carnival time for motives that are unclear. The author of this tale, Edgar Allan Poe, influenced by his somewhat tragic life and one of t he most influential Gothic writers, uses symbolism and irony to show the multitudeRead MoreCharacter Analysis Of Montresor887 Words   |  3 Pagesï » ¿Character Analysis of Montresor If written with skill, â€Å"Villains† can be some of the most interesting characters in literature. The character of Montresor from Edgar Allen Poe’s â€Å"A Cask of Amontillado†. Poe, being the horror writer that he was, portrays this dark character in exactly that way. The story begins with Montresor explaining to the reader as a narrator that a man named Fortunato has insulted and hurt him for a great deal of time. Montresor never explains what exactly Fortunato did toRead MoreInfluence Of A Life By Richard Connell And Edgar Allan Poe1600 Words   |  7 Pagesviolence as a theme. He relates the violence from the war to redirect into his stories. Although, these different themes he writes will allow him to create an urge of passion, and confidence with the characters, and the piece. â€Å"The Most Dangerous Game† Analysis Richard Connell has written many stories with many of his techniques, but of the most memorable story is â€Å"The Most Dangerous Game†. This story shows the main character Sanger Rainsford, in certain positions on the island and in the game that add

Marketing Strategic Report Amazon

Question: Discuss about the Marketing Strategic Report Amazon. Answer: Introduction Conducting a SWOT analysis helps the organization to analyze its core strengths and weaknesses. The organization can use its strengths to overcome its weaknesses and threats in the industry. The following marketing report will analyze SWOT (Strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and weaknesses) of Amazon.com. It is a leading group in the e-commerce business. To maximize the revenues in the online retail industry, the organization must make sure that it effectively addresses the issues shown in the below SWOT analysis. In this marketing report, a SWOT analysis of Amazon is conducted and recommendations are given for the company to overcome the weaknesses and threats. It briefly discusses the growth of Indian consumer electronic industry. The discussion includes the description about the market, target segment, new product development and services in India and customer value proposition of the organization. Company Background Amazon.com is the American multinational company, which was founded in the year 1994. It was established by Jeff Bezos in Seattle, Washington, United States. Amazon is the largest online retailer in across the world by the market capitalization and total sales. It is recorded the revenues of $107,006 million in the financial year 2015. There was a hike of 20.2% from the year 2014 (Pinkerton, 2013). In this year, United States was the largest market for the company with the 65.9% of total revenues. The organization has started its business as an online bookstore, after that it diversified its business in selling other products like; CDs, DVDs, electronics, video games, software, furniture, toys, etc. Amazon.com has distinct online websites for different countries; United States, Ireland, Japan, China, Mexico, Spain, Italy, Canada, Australia, France and United Kingdom (Parante, Diane 2007). The products and services of the organization include cloud computing, online shopping and cont ent distribution. According to the report of 2016, 230,800 employees are working under the organization (Mordor Intelligence 2016). The major competitors of Amazon.com are Wal-Mart stores, eBay, Alibaba Group, Best Buy, International Business Machines and Netflix Inc. SWOT Table Strengths Weaknesses 1. Cost leadership 2. Customer centered 3. Strong brand name 4. Effective delivery network 5. Good business relationship with the electronic companies and publishing houses 6. Huge customer base 7. It provides personalized user shopping experience 8. Variety of products offerings 1. Business model is easily imitable 2. Limited presence in the market in comparison to its competitors 3. Less penetration of online shopping and e-commerce 4. Runs at very low margin 5. Tax ignorance issue Opportunities Threats 1. Improve the measures to reduce the forged sales 2. Expansion of business in more product lines 3. Opening physical stores 4. Global expansion 5. People are getting more technology friendly 6. Growth in the demand for cloud computing services 1. Internet security threats 2. Threat of Imitation 3. Strong competitors 4. New emerging shopping portals 5. Local low cost retailers 6. Foreign exchange fluctuation Market Description In India, Consumer electronics market is growing with double growth rate from past few years. There are some reasons behind this, like; affordable pricing, increased awareness about the products, higher income and improvement in the life styles of the population. These are the factors, which are forcing changing the consumer spending pattern (Freeman 2010). It is resulting a strong growth in the consumer electronic market. According to a research report, Indian consumer market has grown at the CAGR of 18 percent in the duration of 2011-2014. The growth in the Indias GDP (Gross Domestic Product) and disposable income of customers is the major reason behind the growth in this market (Mitra, 2015). A research analyzes that there are some major sections of the consumer appliances in India, such as; television, air conditioner, mobile handset, refrigerator market, laptop personal computer market and gaming supports. But still, some products like; televisions, air conditioners and refrige rators have thee low saturation in the India. If India will grow in the future at current growth rate, then the household incomes will be twice in next five years (Joshi 2015). It will benefit the industry. Indian consumer electronics market was US$ 14 billion in the year 2015 and has a CAGR of 18 percent in the duration of five years. It is estimated to become 29 billion by the year 2020. Major players in the market are LG, Samsung, Videocon, Dell, Sony, Godrej, Panasonic, Microsoft, Philips etc. These brands have gained a good market share (Jones, Hill, Comfort Hillier, 2008). The presence of these brands makes the industry in India highly competitive. Findings To maintain the highest revenues in the online retail industry, Amazon must make sure that it effectively addresses the aspects, which are shown in the SWOT analysis. This SWOT analysis of the company states to be the requirement to ensure the strong brand reputation (Helms Nixon 2010). With the great strengths and opportunities, company is facing some issues related to its weaknesses and threats. All the aspects are ranked with the number and written down in order of their importance. An analysis of SWOT is mentioned in the below explanation. Explanation of SWOT table: Strengths Amazon is the largest online seller in the world. In the year 2015, the organization generated better revenues from the online business. With this growth rate, Amazon will become the 2nd largest online retailer in the world. The company is working with low cost structure (Vakhariya 2012). This is major strength of the company, thats why it is ranked at 1. It leads to lower prices, which jointed with the variety of products that result in a comparatively better customer experience. The cost leadership strategy has resulted in the organization in gaining the profits from this action and it assisted the shareholders rise the value from the organization. This is a strongest brand in the online retail industry (Out-Nyarko Sarbah, 2014). This strength is responsible for the rapid growth of the business. Increasing revenues is enabling the company to make the investment in new ventures and developing new products. Effective delivery network and variety of product offerings is helping it in developing a huge customer base. This fact of SWOT analysis indicates that Amazon has necessary strengths to sustain its market position in e-commerce. Weaknesses The weaknesses of Amazon.com develop the challenges, which limit its online retail business. Amazon is implementing a business model, which can be copied by other competitors easily. For example, other organizations can also establish online portal. If the firms will be fully established in the online retail industry, then it would be difficult for Amazon.com to compete in the market (Mishra Kotkar, 2015). The market presence of the company is limited. It edges its ability to attract more customers to any specific product line, which are more sellable in physical stores. As it delivers the products with no shipping cost, so it is in danger of low margins and therefore, it is not able to boost on the costs. Furthermore, Amazon.com has involved in the negative publicity due to avoiding the taxes in United States and United Kingdom. On the basis of this side of SWOT analysis, Amazon must maintain the competitive advantage to overcome its weaknesses (Vijaylaxmi Srinivasa 2015). Opportunities From the above table, it can be analyzed that Amazon has the opportunity to enter in the developing markets. This action should establish the presence of company before other online retailers move. The organization also has the opportunity to open physical stores to enhance the competitiveness against its other competitors, like; Wal-Mart (Das 2015). Furthermore, the company is facing the issues of forged or counterfeit sales, which is against the expectations of customers. This situation creates an opportunity for the company to enhance its technology and policies to consider the counterfeit sales. The demand of cloud computing services is increasing significantly. So, Amazon is expanding its web services in the past years. In 2015, it launched Amazon Machine Learning (Greenspan 2017). With these, Amazon also has the opportunities to come up with its own brands in diversified product lines. Thus, this SWOT analysis shows that Amazon has better growth opportunities in the future. Threats Amazon is facing several significant threats in the online retail industry. There are some external strategic factors, which reduce the business performance. The major threat is the threat of online security. Cybercrime challenges every online retailer. The company must keep some measures to face the attacks of cybercrime (Warner, 2010). For example, it must strengthen its network security. The Amazon.com is facing the major issue of imitation. The emergence of this threat can affect and reduce its market share. Furthermore, an intense competition is a threat against the Amazon.com. Its major competitors; like Wal-Mart, Target, Flipkart, eBay etc. are making efforts to improve their online presence in the retail industry. Fluctuation in the foreign exchange is also a threat for this company because it generates a considerable amount of its revenues from international processes (Agarwal, Grassl Pahl 2012). If there is high exposure in the foreign currency, then the company will be hi ghly penetrating to the fluctuations in the foreign exchange. Thus, this analysis shows that it needs to fortify its competitiveness and marketing and promotional efforts. Recommendations The above discussion shows that Amzaon.com has the required strengths to operate its online business effectively. However, the company is facing some issues and concerns. So, it is recommended that Amazon must increase its presence in the developing countries like; India. It must expand its business in the Indian Consumer market. It will provide major opportunities for growth on the basis of economic development in the country. It must expand the variety of product in the country to fight against the issue of intense competition. The company must introduce a new service for retaining and creating a huge customer base from India. Target Market For the Amazon.com, the target market must be the internet users, who rely on the online shopping and other transactions from the upper and middle class of population. This service of Amazon.com is suitable for the people, who are very choosy and want to buy any product at any cost. New Product Description Although Amazon.com is already a well-established organization in Indian online retail industry, but company wants to expand its business with new product development in India. Looking at competitive environment, the company must come up with an attractive product, which can increase its customer base (Abraham 2012). Amazon.com is launching an online auction hosting software in India. Online auction is the auction over the internet. It can be in different formats. There are some existing competitors, like; Alibaba.com and eBay, who are providing this service. The concept of online auction will increase the range of goods and services, which can be purchased and sold using different auction techniques. This will be a beneficial service for the company in the current web-environment. This product will offer new advantages to the customers, like; utilization of computerized bids through electronic forms and it will provide a search engine to find the products and items and users can sea rch the items by categories. Marketing Mix Amazon.com uses marketing mix as a powerful tool to appeal the customers to its services. For the development of new product, the company will reach to the target customers. As it is an online business organization, so it will use official e-commerce websites for reaching the customers. The websites are like; Audible.com, Amazon.com and various other subsidiaries of Amazon (Ferguson 2017). It should target to encourage its customers to visit its websites and to purchase the products under online auctions. The company is using the value based pricing strategy in India. This includes the prices on the basis of product value. It also considers the perception of Indian consumers. Thus, the company will create the marketing mix, which is updated in relation to current trends in market (Mishra 2015). Consumer Value Proposition The customer value proposition of the company must be that this is the trusted and reliable brand, which provides the opportunities of online shopping and e-commerce. The companys value proposition is that through online auction hosting software, the organization will provide a variety of products with assured quality at bargained prices (Kipley Jewe, 2014). For example, companys bid $1 policy allows the lucky customer the capacity to purchase any item, which is being auctioned for only $1. It can offer more value to the customer. Irrespective of the closing price of auction, once the bid is closed without the reserve price, then the final bidder will get that product. This new product of Amazon.com will offer the customers pleasure of winning the item, which may not be there in the future. The company will offer some short-term live auctions also. The new product of the company fits with its SWOT analysis (Bauer 2012). The company has a major opportunity to expand its business with new product line. This will assist the organization in increase its profitability. The company is developing a strategy profile by considering its SWOT. It is implementing SO strategic profile, in which it will use its strengths to increase opportunities. A good brand image will help the organization in expand its business India and other countries. Maintaining good business relationships can assist it in opening physical stores and expanding in other product categories. It will be fit to the new product of the organization. Conclusion Thus, the study includes the various aspects of SWOT analysis of Amazon.com. The company is launching a new product in India, i.e. Online Auction Software. This is new concept for Indian customers, so Amazon can attract them. It is implementing some effective strategies to attract more and more customers towards its product. The company must focus on the profitability more than volumes. It is implementing SO profile for using its strengths to maximize its opportunities. The marketing report indicates that Amazon.com is doing well globally. Launching new product in India will assist it in generating more revenues in Indian online retail industry market. References Abraham, S.C, 2012, Strategic Planning: A Practical Guide for Competitive Success, Emerald Group Publishing. Agarwal, R., Grassl, W. Pahl, J, 2012, SWOT: introducing a new strategic planning tool. Journal of Business Strategy, 33 (2), pp. 12. Bauer, C, 2012, An integrated decision model for strategic evaluation of the viability of new technologies. GRIN Verlag. Das, K.K, 2015, Growth of E-commerce in India. International Journal of Core Engineering Management, Vol. 2, Iss. 4, pp. 25-33. Freeman, R.E. 2010, Strategic Management: A Stakeholder Approach, Cambridge University Press. Ferguson, E, 2017, Amazon.com Inc.s Marketing Mix (4Ps) Analysis, Viewed on 20 February 2017, from https://panmore.com/amazon-com-inc-marketing-mix-4ps-analysis Greenspan, R, 2017, Amazon.com Inc. SWOT Analysis Recommendations, Viewed on 20, February 2017, https://panmore.com/amazon-com-inc-swot-analysis-recommendations Helms, M.M., Nixon, J, 2010, Exploring SWOT analysis where are we now? A review of Academic Research from the last decade. Journal of Strategy and Management. 3 (3), pp. 215-251. Jones, P, Hill, C, Comfort, D Hillier, D. 2008, Marketing and Sustainability, Marketing Intelligence and Planning, Vol.26, No.2, pp.123-130. Joshi, P.A, 2015, Indian Electronics Industry -A Persuasive Growth Engine Behind The Soaring Economy Of India, InternationalJournalof Electrical, Electronics and Data Communication, Issue 1, pp. 1-5. Kipley, D. Jewe, R, 2014, Effective Strategic Management: From Analysis to Implementation. Cognnella. Mishra, S.V. Kotkar, S.N, 2015, A Study on Current Status of E-Commerce in India: A Comparative Analysis of Flipkart and Amazon, Journal of Advance Research, Vol. 3, Iss. 2, pp. 133-137. Mishra, A, 2015, Understanding the 4Ps of Marketing: A case study of Amazon India, International Research Journal of Marketing and Economics, Vol. 2, Issue 4, 48-65. Mitra, S, 2015, Consumer electronics industry to hit $20.6 bn by 2020: EY, Viewed on 25 July, 2015, https://www.livemint.com/Consumer/lZanz69Lu3mxh36H7bcDCL/Indian-consumer-electronics-industry-to-touch-206-bn-by-20.html Mordor Intelligence, 2016, Consumer Electronics Industry in India- Analysis of Growth, Trends and Forecast (2015-2020). Retrieved from https://www.mordorintelligence.com/industry-reports/analysis-of-consumer-electronics-industry-in-india. Out-Nyarko, D. Sarbah, A, 2014, An Overview of the Design School of Strategic Management (Strategy Formulation as a Process of Conception), Open Journal of Business and Management, 2, 231-249. Parante, Diane H, 2007, Best Practices for Online Procurement Auctions. IGI Global Publishers. Pinkerton, M, 2013, International analysis: Amazon marketplace makes debut in India, Viewed on 14 June, 2013, https://www.retail-week.com/topics/international/international-analysis-amazon-marketplace-makes-debut-in-india/5049895.article Vakhariya, S, 2012, Grey Marketing in Indian Electronic Goods Industry: Counter Strategy. ELK Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Retail Management, vol. 3, Iss.1. Vijaylaxmi, S. Srinivasa Rao, T, 2015, Consumer Buying Behaviour for Electronic Products A Study of select items, International Journal of Research and Computational Technology, Vol.7 Issue.2. Warner, A.G., 2010, Strategic Analysis and Choice: A Structural Approach, Business Express Book.

The U.S. Capitol Building

The U.S. Capitol Building is located in Washington, D.C., at the opposite end of the National Mall. To its west are the Capitol Reflecting Pool and the Washington Monument. The building covers a ground area of 4 acres and its length of roughly 750 feet. The Capitol is a majestic building with a height of 87.8 meters (288 ft), catering to its five floors and approximately 540 rooms.Advertising We will write a custom assessment sample on The U.S. Capitol Building specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More It also has a dome with a diameter of 75 feet that has a 15 feet tall statue called the Statue of Freedom. Situated under the dome is a vast circular room, referred to as the Rotunda, which serves as a gallery for works of art of Americas’ important people and events in the country’s history. Construction of the Capitol begun in 1793 after the United States Congress passed the Residence Act which paved way for Washington D.C. t o be the permanent capital. In 1792, US Secretary of State Thomas Jefferson and President George Washington had commissioned a design competition that would award $500 and a lot in the city to anyone who would produce the most approved plan for the building. A Scottish trained physician won the competition although he had submitted a late entry. The word capitol has its roots in Latin, which means city on a hill. Throughout its 200 year history, the Capitol has housed the Senate, the House of Representatives, the Supreme Court and the Library of Congress. The Senate and the House wings were completed in the years 1800 and 1811 respectively. While still in construction, the building was partially burned by British troops in 1814 during a war that lasted till 1815. Repairs and reconstruction of the building begun in the following year and were completed four years later, under Benjamin Henry Latrobe, a British-born American architect. The building was finished in 1826 under Charles Bu lfinch, a Bostonian architect. (Reed, 45) The architecture of the building portrays Greco-Roman influence as the Capitol was meant to symbolize the idea of democracy, which is connected with Greece, and the idea of power, which is associated with the Roman Empire. The front of the Capitol is supported by six Corinthian columns, a major component of Roman architecture. Columns were originally used by the Greek but Romans adopted and modified them to commemorate their civilization and military success. A typical Roman Corinthian column is tall, straight and slim, topped with acanthus leaves and several scrolls. The scrolls were symbolic of civilization, and together with the acanthus leaves, were features cherished by Greco-Roman artists.Advertising Looking for assessment on architecture? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The other entrances also used the Greek Parthenon and the Roman Pantheon for inspiration for its design. The f acades are made of marble and features figures of prominent people in the ancient world and the writings on both the eastern and western facade. Writings and sculptures were dominant features in Roman Pantheons. The dome of the Capitol also resembles the Pantheon dome. The architects of the dome, paid close attention to St. Peter’s Basilica in Rome, the Pantheon in Paris and St. Paul’s Cathedral in London. The interior of the dome, the Rotunda, features murals (artwork painted directly on walls and ceilings) done by Constantino Brumidi, a Greek/Italian American artist. The artwork illustrates historical events and people in the United States. The most outstanding artwork is The Apotheosis of Washington, which depicts Washington surrounded by 13 maidens and many Greek and Roman gods and goddesses. The relief sculptures in the Rotunda as well as the art in the Brumidi Corridors bear similarities with paintings and sculptures found in most European churches built during t he reign of the Roman Empire. The Capital also features a crypt beneath the Rotunda. The crypt was originally meant to be the final resting place of the first American President, George Washington. Unlike the exterior of the building, the columns in the crypt are Doric, the original Greek design. Crypts were dominant in ancient Greece and later adopted by Romans to be used as a chapel or burial vault. The purpose of building the US Capitol crypt clearly illustrates that the architects relied a lot on Greek-Roman architecture. Furthermore, the statue on the dome (Statue of Freedom) is a female figure wearing robes holding a wreath of victory on one hand and resting her hand on a sheathed sword with her right hand. The Statue of Freedom thus bears similarity with the Justitia, the Roman goddess of justice who symbolized the fair and equal administration of law. (Silate 56) The Capitol continues to serve its purpose as the symbol of freedom and democracy whereby every four years, a pre sident is inaugurated at the grounds of the Capitol. It also hosts other major events such as the National Memorial Day concert and Independence Day celebrations. It still serves as the meeting point of the Senate, in the north wing, and the House of Representatives, in the south wing. The Capitol no longer serves the Supreme Court and the chamber, referred to as the Old Supreme Court, is currently used as a meeting room, law library and storage room. The Capitol receives an estimated 4-5 million visitors from around the world per year. A Visitor Center has been set up in the underground of the east side of the complex to serve as a gathering point for tourists. The Capitol strives to preserve American history while at the same time aiming to meet modern standards. It truly is the home of American democracy.Advertising We will write a custom assessment sample on The U.S. Capitol Building specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Works Cit ed Reed, Henry H. The United States Capitol: its architecture and decoration. New York, NY: Norton, 2005. Print Silate, Jennifer. The United States Capitol. New York, NY: PowerKids Press, 2006. Print This assessment on The U.S. Capitol Building was written and submitted by user Omari Tucker to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Application of Robotic Technology.

Application of Robotic Technology. Application of Robotic TechnologyRobotic technology is used in many operations and its demand is very high. In 1999, the growth rate of robotic industry was 20% worldwide and in America, it was 60% compared to 1998. In the last 20 years robotic industry has become multi billionaire industry and its growth rate is very high due to its many applications in manufacturing and automotive industry (Jan Karlsson, 2001. p119, 124.). Robots perform many industrial operations and they are used to increase production, improve quality, and reduce labor. Although the function of robots are very complicated and need good skills, they are used in many in industrial operations to perform different operation in the following ways: welding, painting, presswork, and heat treatment. To understand the robotic technology we have to know about the robots its functions and different applications of robots. Finally, we need to learn about how much robots are economical in different industrial operations and their future developments in different fields.English: A scene from R.U.R., showing three robots...The word robots derived from robota means forced labor. According to the definition of the robot institute of America, " a robot is a reprogramable multifunctional manipulated design to move materials parts tools or specialized devices through variable programmed motion for the performance of variety of tasks" (James A. Rehg, 1985 p7). The basic system of robots consists of a pneumatic or hydraulic operated mechanical arm working as a human arm and is controlled by computer. At the end of the arm a tool is mounted which is doing all the operations. An Electric servomotor, pneumatic or hydraulic aculator, drives the robotic arm and provides with linear or rotational motion (James. p8, 9). The combination of linear and rotational motion describes the geometry of the robotic arm. The arm geometry tells the form of the space in...

An Overview of the Sunbelt in the U.S.

An Overview of the Sunbelt in the U.S. The Sun Belt is the region in the United States that stretches across the Southern and Southwestern portions of the country from Florida to California. The Sunbelt typically includes the states of Florida, Georgia, South Carolina, Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana, Texas, New Mexico, Arizona, Nevada, and California. Major U.S. cities placed within the Sun Belt according to every definition include Atlanta, Dallas, Houston, Las Vegas, Los Angeles, Miami, New Orleans, Orlando, and Phoenix. However, some extend the definition of Sun Belt as far north as the cities Denver, Raleigh-Durham, Memphis, Salt Lake City, and San Francisco. Throughout U.S. history, especially after World War II, the Sun Belt saw abundant population growth in these cities as well as many others and has been an important area socially, politically, and economically. History of Sun Belt Growth The term Sun Belt is said to have been coined in 1969 by writer and political analyst Kevin Phillips in his book The Emerging Republican Majority to describe the area of the U.S. that encompassed the region from Florida to California and included industries like oil, military, and aerospace but also many retirement communities. Following Phillips introduction of the term, it became widely used in the 1970s and beyond. Although the term Sun Belt was not used until 1969, growth had been occurring in the southern U.S. since World War II. This is because, at the time, many military manufacturing jobs were moving from the Northeast U.S. (the region known as the Rust Belt) to the South and the West. Growth in the South and West then further continued after the war and later grew substantially near the U.S./Mexico border in the late 1960s when Mexican and other Latin American immigrants began to move north. In the 1970s, Sun Belt became the official term to describe the area and growth continued even further as the U.S. South and West became more important economically than the Northeast. Part of the regions growth was a direct result of increasing agriculture and the earlier green revolution which introduced new farming technologies. In addition, because of the prevalence of agriculture and related jobs in the region, immigration in the area continued to grow as immigrants from neighboring Mexico and other areas were looking for jobs in the U.S. On top of immigration from areas outside the U.S., the Sun Belts population also grew via migration from other parts of the U.S. in the 1970s. This was due to the invention of affordable and effective air conditioning. It additionally involved the movement of retirees from Northern states to the South, especially Florida and Arizona. Air conditioning played an especially significant role in the growth of many Southern cities like those in Arizona where temperatures can sometimes exceed 100 F (37 C). For example, the average temperature in July in Phoenix, Arizona is 90 F (32 C), while it is just over 70 F (21 C) in Minneapolis, Minnesota. Milder winters in the Sun Belt also made the region attractive to retirees as much of it is relatively comfortable year-round and it allows them to escape cold winters. In Minneapolis, the average temperature in January is just over 10 F (-12 C) while in Phoenix it is 55 F (12 C). Additionally, new types of businesses and industries like aerospace, defense and military, and oil moved from the North to the Sun Belt as the region was cheaper and there were fewer labor unions. This further added to the Sun Belts growth and importance economically. Oil, for example, helped Texas grow economically, while military installations drew people, defense industries, and aerospace firms to the desert Southwest and California, and favorable weather led to increased tourism in places like Southern California, Las Vegas, and Florida. By 1990, Sun Belt cities like Los Angeles, San Diego, Phoenix, Dallas, and San Antonio were among the ten largest in the U.S. In addition, because of the Sun Belts relatively high proportion of immigrants in its population, its overall birth rate was higher than the rest of the U.S. Despite this growth, however, the Sun Belt did experience its share of problems in the 1980s and 1990s. For example, the regions economic prosperity has been uneven and at one point 23 out of the 25 largest metropolitan regions with the lowest per capita incomes in the U.S. were in the Sun Belt. In addition, the rapid growth in places like Los Angeles caused various environmental problems, one of the most significant of which was and still is air pollution. The Sun Belt Today Today, growth in the Sun Belt has slowed, but its larger cities still remain as some of the largest and fastest-growing in the U.S. Nevada, for example, is among the nations fastest-growing states due to its high immigration. Between 1990 and 2008, the states population increased by a whopping 216% (from 1,201,833 in 1990 to 2,600,167 in 2008). Also seeing dramatic growth, Arizona saw a population increase of 177% and Utah grew by 159% between 1990 and 2008. The San Francisco Bay Area in California with the major cities of San Francisco, Oakland and San Jose still also remains a growing area, while growth in outlying areas like Nevada has decreased significantly due to nationwide economic problems. With this decrease in growth and outmigration, housing prices in cities like Las Vegas have plummeted in recent years. Despite recent economic problems, the U.S. South and West (the areas that comprise the Sun Belt) still remain the fastest growing regions in the country. Between 2000 and 2008, the number one fastest growing area, the West, saw a population change of 12.1% while the second, the South, saw a change of 11.5%, making the Sun Belt still, as it has been since the 1960s, one of the most important growth regions in the U.S.

Business Ethic Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Business Ethic - Essay Example It is clear that the government puts up a consolidated fight to come up with the required type of legislations but it is without consultation of the main players in the industry. It is true that the fact that the people have to pay dearly when the cost of the products produced is priced higher than usually is targeted by the manufacturer. Here, Bowie is looking at the negativity of having a company produce goods at the expense of having people in the environment around them face the impact of the environmental degradation. This is what is referred to as a negative externality. Externality of an economic transaction is an impact on a party that is not directly involved in the said transaction. This is where by the prices do not reflect the full costs or the benefits that are to be accrued from the production or consumption of the produce or service that is in question. This implies that the producers and consumers in the market may either not bear all the cost or obtain the benefits expected from the economic activity. A positive impact in the business is commonly referred to as an external benefit while the negative one is referred to as an external cost. This implies that from these two, one can either create an environment conducive for producing external benefits or minimize the costs of external costs. In this case of Bowie, there are more external costs than external benefits given the case of people having to be affected by the environmental effects caused by the creation of more vehicles that produce environmentally poisonous gases (436). It is cle ar that the people in the legislation field have to look at the effects of effecting these legislations and involve the key stakeholders to come up with the required regulations for the industry. In a very competitive market though, the existence of externalities will cause either too much or too little of the goods produced or consumed in terms of the overall costs and the benefits it is supposed

Prison Gangs in the United States Research Paper

Prison Gangs in the United States - Research Paper Example First, inmates are not to interfere with other inmates, a rule which places a premium on "minding your own business." Inmates are not to inform on one another and not to place a fellow inmate in a precarious situation. The second principle commands "don't lose your head." Inmates should control their emotions during their incarceration. Third, inmates should not exploit each other. The traditional inmate code forbids racketeering, welshing on bets, stealing from other inmates, or retracting promises. Inmates have an obligation to share any wealth which they may acquire. Fourth, inmates should not show weakness or they jeopardize their masculine image. It is very important for an inmate to maintain his masculinity. Any signs of fear or cowardice will greatly harm an inmate's reputation in the prison. Finally, "don't be a sucker," in other words, prisoners should not trust the administration. This final principle demands that inmates reject the values of society represented by prison o fficials. Guards are always considered to be wrong in any dispute with inmates. The administration must not be trusted for any reason (Sykes and Messinger, 1960, p. 7-8). Adherence to the inmate code varies greatly. While most inmates make strong verbal commitment to the code, the actual behaviors of inmates often deviate from it (Ross & Richards, 2002). The inmate code serves to lessen the pains of imprisonment by increasing solidarity among the inmates (Sykes and Messinger, 1960. p. 16). By uniting inmate society, the code lessens the sense of isolation inmates often face. An inmate follows the prescription to share wealth, he can alleviate animosity and hostility. By sharing the limited wealth offered by prison society, the potential for psychological harm can be decreased substantially (Sykes and Messinger, 1960, p. 16). The threat to an inmate's masculine self  ­image can be substantially alleviated by the requirement that inmates maintain their manhood through shows of stren gth and suppression of weakness (Sykes and Messinger, 1960. p. 17). When inmates arrive in prison they undergo prison procedures which have been likened to a series of status degradation ceremonies (Cloward, 1960; Sykes, 1958). These ceremonies convey two messages to the inmate. First, they involve the "ritual destruction of the individual's identity" (Cloward, 1960, p. 20). The individual's dignity is removed as his status is lowered. The lowering of status and stripping of dignity occurs through such procedures as strip searches, assignment of identification numbers instead of names, and the provision of uniforms, all of which create a homogenous inmate society. Second, the new identity provided to the inmate is of a lower status than their previous rank as a member of free society (Cloward, 1960, p. 20). Cloward (1960) argues that prison allows inmates to enhance their status through illegitimate means. Inmates may take on several roles in their efforts to gain status within pris on culture. They may become merchants or peddlers who specialize in providing material goods to other inmates. Politicians, or "big-shots," will control the spread of information among inmates (Cloward, 1960, p. 34). These inmates will seek positions, which grant them greater freedom of movement or greater access to prison officials, allowing them to gather information. Finally, an inmate may assume the role of "right

Thesis sample Essay Example for Free

Thesis sample Essay Introduction The town of San Antonio is a 2nd class municipality in the province of Nueva Ecija. It is located in between Jaen,Zaragosa, Cabiao and Concepcion. San Antonio is devided into 16 barangays. San Antonio is just an unfrequented place in Nueva Ecija; businesses are well introduced to the public. And since the town starts to compete in the market, varieties of products are opened like services and high quality products. In search for a business to engage at, the researchers considered the continous need of merchandise to be sold. Hardware supplies are items continously needed in search for knowledge and to earn living. The system of management of his business is simple as buying and reselling the items to prospective consumers. But due to present market condition where management is becoming complex due to the emergence of scientific methods of management tries to out-do each other, a need for a â€Å"evaluation study† as a means of preparation and planning is of outmost importance of this study. Venturing into business is the only alternative income and at the same time provide employment even just to a few. Statement of the Problem This research work is aimed to look into the viability of establishing a hardware supplies business in San Antonio, Nueva Ecija. Specifically this study sought answers to the following: 1. Who is the target market of the pruposed business? What are the marketing strategies and programs of this proposed business? 2. What are the technical and production processes needed in the operation of the proposed business? 3. What type of organization is necessary for the proposed business? 4. How much initial capital is (needed) to establish this kind of business? How long did the initial capital paybacked? 5. What are the potential problems that may arise during the operation of the proposed business? What possible solution to these problems? Significance of the study This research work provides the following significance: 1. To The Researchers – It will help the researcher to find if their study will be succesful in the future. 2. To The Students – It will be the guide to the students if they will do their own research. 3. To The Future Investors – It will be their referrence if they will invest to this business or not. Scope And Limitation The E. B De Guzman Enterprises in San Antonio, Nueva Ecija is a family business that engage with hardware products. The scope includes the evaluation of the business in terms of Marketing and Financial Aspect. Marketing Aspect : This study will discuss how the business run. It includes their marketing strategies that made their hardware expanded. Financial Aspect : This study will discuss the profitability of the business. It will present information about the current project income, project cash, project sales and project expenses. Definition of Terms For purpose of being clear and understandable of the terms used in this feasibility study. The following definitions are given:

War Aid Advertisement :: Papers

War Aid Advertisement What sort of person are you? Would you be able to survive if you had to live in extreme weather conditions? Would you be able to work 18 hour days, with only a few hours sleep? Would you be able to help those who are in pain, and suffering? If you think the answer to these questions might be yes, you might be the one that we need. If you decide to join War Aid, to help those who are less fortunate than yourself, then you will need many different skills to help. These skills are a vital part of the job, and you will also learn more whilst you work with us. We need our workers to be brave and determined in every aspect of their job. When you are sent to the area where you will work, the situation will be completely different to what you are used to. You could be sent anywhere, to do any job. You could be sent to work in a war zone country, and their will be a variety of jobs that you may possibly be involved in. For example, you may be working in a refugee camp handing out food parcels, or you could be taking food to the soldiers who are fighting for us. You could help to create a sanitation system in areas that have nothing. You may help to build pumps and taps for clean running water, in a small village in Africa, where the people usually have to walk 2 or more hours each day to find the small amount of dirty water that is available. You would be looking after the civil order of areas. Working for War Aid is similar to joining the army, but in many ways it is also different. Becoming a War Aid volunteer allows you to help, by giving us your services for a three month period, which may differ in length. You will be sent to war zone countries to help with the overall running of refugee camps, and other tasks that will take place

Sunfeast Yippee

Message Health was chosen as the platform, along with asupporting claim for taste. People who were healthyand energetic were concerned about the long-termprospects of  their health. Thus ? Health? ? is related to maintenance of good health ? is applicable to all members of the family ? is characterized by lively energetic people, andgrowing children's. ? Thus the message and  (positioning): ? its hot and wet. Media Primary media: Television ad 30  seconds. Print ad, shop adsProject at schools ,and 2tier cities.Just noticeable difference. Supermarket and big bazar. Measurement ? Within 6 months, SunfeastYippee became thelargest growing noodles in Fmcgsector. ? Redefined the category and expanded the ITC Fmcgsegment from 2. 71% to 23% in 6 months. ? Now the largest  selling ITC Fmcgbrand holds 6% of  branded noodle market. ? Greatest  achievement ? in one month Yippeepenetrated 50% of noodle market. Sunfeast Yippee Noodles| Parent Company| ITC| Category| Food Products| Sect or| Food Products| Tagline/ Slogan| The better noodles; Spread the smile|USP| Instant noodles with different tastes| STP| Segment| People looking for a healthy snack when hungry| Target Group| Young people and children from upper and middle class| Positioning| Sunfeast Yippee noodles do not lump even 30 minutes after cooking| SWOT Analysis| Strength| 1. Good advertising and visibility2. Good product distribution and availability3. Lots of flavors and varieties available| Weakness| 1. Media generated news about health issues2. Brand loyalty of Maggi is tremendous| Opportunity| 1.Untapped rural markets2. DINKS, single professionals3. Newer tastes| Threats| 1. Price wars with other noodle brands| Competition| Competitors| 1. Maggi| http://www. afaqs. com/advertising/storyboard/index. html? id=3387 A kid is standing in one corner of the room holding his ears (as a form of punishment). | His mother is getting ready to prepare noodles. | Seeing his mother prepare noodles, he asks his dad who is sitting nearby â€Å"Usually achi cheeze round hoti hain na? â€Å"| The dad doesn’t really agree to this. The kid starts giving examples, saying that if car tyres weren’t round then would the car work? , the sun, moon and the world are all round as well. | The father sticking to his point says â€Å"Lekin yeh room to square hai†. | The son confidently says â€Å"round hota to†, when suddenly the mother interrupts and says, then a naughty boy like him wouldn't be punished in a corner †¦ | †¦ and that if his Sunfeast yippee wasn't round then he wouldn’t be able to eat long noodles| VO: Naya Sunfeast yippee. Sabse alag round shape main. So no breaking aur mile really long noodles. |

Yuyuyuy

Ben Symonds Clarke gets hit by a car High school student Clarke Greenbank, who was previously struck by a car, has overcome the humiliation and abuse and is now back on top of the social scene. On September 11th 2008, Clarke Greenbank was biking from his house to Harry Miller Middle School, located in Rothesay New Brunswick. He was almost there, he rode up to the cross walk and made sure the cars stopped for him to cross, they did, and unfortunately one of the drivers did not notice Clarke.Clarke was hit by an oncoming car; he was tossed off his bike and landed on his back on the hood of the car, he then rolled off the car into the middle off the street. Fortunately Clarke was not injured severely, Clarke says â€Å"My back was a bit sore for a few weeks and I wasn’t able to play sports or anything†. Clarke’s humiliation started once the news of his accident spread through the school, fellow classmate Colin Rachford says that the reactions of Clarkes peers were a long the lines of â€Å"hahahahahaha†, â€Å"Oh my god† and â€Å"Of course it was Clarke†.It was the school joke, people would often bring it up to Clarke, and he would get stared and giggled at while walking the lonely halls of Harry Miller Middle School. The teasing went on for a long while; Clarke says â€Å"I was literally known as the guy who got hit by a car for all of grade 8†. At first Clarke would become annoyed or angry when people would bring it up, by either ignoring them or tell them to â€Å"shut up†. These teasing’s continued to happen and Clarke was becoming tired of getting mad over it so he decided to make jokes about the incident. He was amused with the attention he was getting.Classmate Bailey Collins says â€Å" One day in class we had a supply teacher who made us tell our name and 1 piece of information about ourselves, once it got to Clarkes turn he said: My name is Clarke Greenbank and I got hit by a car†. Cla rke thought it would be pointless to let it get to him forever, from there on out Clarke was neither ashamed nor embarrassed about his incident but accepted as a good story to tell when he is older and has kids of his own and he says â€Å"Hopefully when I tell my kids the story of me getting hit by a car they will be more careful when crossing streets.Now instead of being known as the guy who got hit by a car, Clarke is known for his exceptional speed skating skills, great sense of humour, ok taste in music and his winning smile. From getting hit by a car Clarke has learned to expect the unexpected in life and to look both ways before crossing the street. Clarke is grateful that he was not seriously injured and from the man himself â€Å"if it was brewed there, it’s from there’.

Exams Are Over Time to Recover

Exams Are Over Time to Recover Now that finals  are over, you’re probably distressing in whatever way you can. Unfortunately, a long night of drinking and debauchery may not be what your body and mind need to let go of the chemicals that your stressful exams have left in your brain. Instead of getting drunk and getting into trouble, it might be wise to understand exactly how stress affects you and learn some healthy (and fun) ways of relaxing from your exams. Stress Effect According to Nicky Hays, editor of Foundations of Psychology, exam stress effects can be intense, leading to worry, poor sleep habits, and decreased memory function. In fact, the more stressful the exam is, the more your body will produce adrenaline-related hormones to help you â€Å"fight† your fear. Extended periods of stress can have an effect on your body, too. The adrenaline hormones released during these times can cause your immune system to weaken, making you more susceptible to illness. It has even been shown to change the color of your hair. Post-Exam Stress: The Unsung Killer Unfortunately, just because your exams are over doesn’t mean that the stress is. In fact, recent research from the Journal of Behavioral Medicine shows that your cells may be less able to repair DNA after your exams are completed. In addition, there is a correlation between fear about the future and depression after a stressful exam week is completed. Wrong Way to Distress What’s the point of all this? The truth is, after you have completed stressful exams, your body is in a precarious position. Your immune system is lowered, your cells can’t respond as quickly or as well as you expected, and you are at a higher risk of becoming sick. This is the worst time to weaken your system even further with alcohol, drugs, or other risky behaviors. In fact, finals are a particularly bad time for both alcohol and drug-related â€Å"celebrations† and are statistically more likely times for college students to be victims of alcohol poisoning, violence, and rape. Not only that but recovering from exams with these kinds of behaviors can lead to suspension or expulsion from your school. Make Stress Go Away Here are some great alternatives to relieving finals’ stress that won’t hurt your pocketbook or your liver. Go on a short road trip with a few friends. You can get away from the campus, focus on doing something you love, and let your brain unwind.   You might be interested to check the list of  the cheapest summer destinations for students. Start an exercise program. This relieves the excess adrenaline that is trapped in your muscles and releases positive endorphins that won’t leave you hung over. Join a city sports club. Being involved in a sports team has all the benefits of exercising, but you also get to meet people who are interested in things you like to do, too. Go to a funny movie. Research from the University of Maryland has shown that laughter decreases stress levels and lowers blood pressure – especially if you’re watching it on the big screen. Listen to classical music. Soothing music has found to relieve stress on both the body and mind. Several studies have shown how it can lower blood pressure, improve mood, and even facilitate creativity! Make something crafty. Recent research from the Journal of Academic Medicine touts the de-stressing benefits of repetitive creation in activities such as knitting. These actions can release muscle tension, lower heart rate, and let the mind focus on something that is entirely stress-free. Perhaps, youll find these weird hobbies more exciting than regular knitting. Eat a banana. Researchers have found that eating these Vitamin B-infused fruits can alleviate the stresses on your nervous system. In addition, the natural sugars in bananas give your brain a small dose of endorphins, which staves off depression. See an old friend. A study published in Developmental Psychology stated that people who go through stressful situations with a good friend aren’t as damaged by it. That means, seeing a friend after exams might help alleviate your stress and make you feel better about yourself. Summary No matter how bad your final exams felt, remember that they are not the end of the world. Take care of your mind and body by relaxing in ways that will keep you healthy and safe. Not only will your body and mind feel better, but you won’t have any regrets to feel stressed about the morning after your last day of exams. How do you recover from stress and recuperate after exams? Share your tips in the comments below!

Learn Which Sharks Lay Eggs

Learn Which Sharks Lay Eggs Bony fish produce large numbers of eggs that may scatter throughout the ocean, sometimes getting eaten by predators along the way. In contrast, sharks (which are cartilaginous fish) produce relatively few young. Sharks have a variety of reproductive strategies, although they can be divided into two main groups - those that lay eggs, and those that give birth to live young. Read more about the reproductive strategies of sharks below. How Do Sharks Mate? All sharks mate through internal fertilization. The male inserts one or both of his claspers into the females reproductive tract and deposits sperm. During this time, the male may use his teeth to hold on to the female, so many females have scars and wounds from mating. After mating, the fertilized eggs may be laid by the mother, or they may develop either partially or fully inside the mother. The young get their nourishment either from a yolk sac or other methods, which are described in more detail below. Egg-Laying Sharks Of the approximately 400 species of sharks, about 40% lay eggs. This is called oviparity. When the eggs are laid, they are in a protective egg case (which sometimes washes up on the beach and is commonly called a mermaids purse). The egg case has tendrils that allows it to attach to a substrate such as corals, seaweed or the ocean bottom. In some species (such as the horn shark), the egg cases are pushed into the bottom or into crevices between or under rocks. In oviparous shark species, the young get their nourishment from a yolk sac. They may take several months to hatch. In some species, the eggs stay inside the female for a period of time before they are laid, so that the young have a chance to develop more fully and spend less time in the vulnerable, immobile egg cases before they hatch. Types of Sharks That Lay Eggs Shark species that lay eggs include: Bamboo sharksWobbegong sharksCarpet sharksHorn (bullhead) sharksSwell sharksMany catsharks Live-Bearing Sharks About 60% of the shark species give birth to live young. This is called viviparity. In these sharks, the young remain in the mothers uterus until they are born. The viviparous shark species can be further divided into the ways the young sharks are nourished while in the mother: Ovoviviparity Some species are ovoviviparous. In these species, the eggs are not laid until they have absorbed the yolk sac, developed and hatched, and then the female gives birth to young that look like miniature sharks. These young sharks get their nourishment from the yolk sac. This is similar to sharks that form in egg cases, but the sharks are born live. This is the most common type of development in sharks.Examples of ovoviviparous species are whale sharks, basking sharks, thresher sharks, sawfish, shortfin mako sharks, tiger sharks, lantern sharks, frilled sharks, angelsharks and dogfish sharks. Oophagy and Embryophagy In some shark species, the young developing inside their mother get their primary nutrients not from a yolk sac, but by eating unfertilized eggs (called oophagy) or their siblings (embryophagy). Some sharks produce a large number of infertile eggs for the purpose of nourishing the developing pups. Others produce a relatively large number of fertilized eggs, but only one pup survives, as the strongest one eats the rest. Examples of species in which oophagy occurs are the white, shortfin mako and sandtiger sharks. Viviparity There are some shark species that have a reproductive strategy similar to humans and other mammals. This is called placental viviparity and occurs in about 10% of the shark species. The eggs yolk sac becomes a placenta attached to the females uterine wall and nutrients are transferred from the female to the pup. This type of reproduction occurs in many of the larger sharks, including bull sharks, blue sharks, lemon sharks, and hammerhead sharks. References Canadian Shark Research Laboratory. Reproduction. Accessed January 31, 2012.Compagno, L., Dando, M. and S. Fowler. 2005. Sharks of the World. Princeton University Press.Florida Museum of Natural History. Shark Basics. Accessed January 31, 2012.Greven, H. 2009. Viviparous Sharks. Shark Info / Prof. H. Greven. Accessed January 31, 2012.Hamlett, W.C. Reproductive Modes of Elasmobranchs. Florida Museum of Natural History. Accessed January 31, 2012.Martin, R.A. Elasmobranch Reproductive Modes. ReefQuest Centre for Shark Research. Accessed January 31, 2012.Skomal, G. 2008. The Shark Handbook. Cider Mill Press Book Publishers: Kennebunkport, ME. 278pp.

Why do we, as a culture, need monsters Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Why do we, as a culture, need monsters - Essay Example Most parents use excuses relating to imaginary monsters in order to straighten out their children and make them behave in a certain manner. This paper thus helps to provide an insight regarding the need of monsters in our culture with respect to monsters in popular culture. (Cohen, Jeffrey Jerome Cohen) Most human beings are scared of the unknown; they are afraid of chancing upon people that belong to or have extraordinary powers or are of the supernatural. People are used to living normal lives without such elements of mystery popping up in their lives. However, people worship God and regard him as the highest power or omnipotent and omnipresent being in everyone’s life. Just like there is God, people have also created monsters, just so they can be doubly sure of keeping each other in check. Scaring someone makes them think about the situation in a better manner and also helps people to get disciplined as they feel that they are being threatened. Thus, most people started men tioning the presence of monsters in everyday life in order to scare others and make them do certain things or carry out specific actions. (Asma, Stephen) Most parents had a habit of putting their children to sleep or making them do tasks only by talking about monsters and scaring them in order to ensure that the children are scared enough to follow through with the task perfectly. For example, most children are scared of the dark and that is only because parents tell their children that monsters come in the night. However, no one knows what exactly a ‘monster’ is, it simply has been defined as an abnormal ray of light in the form of a figure that lurks around in the dark and scares and messes around with people. Children thus are scared of what they do not know, i.e., they believe their parents and have this sense of fear inculcated within themselves right from the very beginning. When they grow up, they use the same measures on their children, so on and so forth. Some people even say that monsters have been created by people in order to answer questions that people have not yet been able to answer. For example, the use and creation of characters such as Dracula, vampires, werewolves and Frankenstein are names that have been given to extraordinary creatures that in reality may or may not even exist. Monsters are thus generally metaphors for things that people are not able to comprehend or relate to in their lives. They are thus a personification of the worst fears of mankind and exist on the planet just to be able to keep a man in check with respect to whatever he does in order to scare him as and when the need arises. This is how the spread of monsters has been possible in popular culture because with the help of such knowledge about monsters people have been able to express their views on the same subject matter of interest, in books, movies as well as song and dance. Culture has amalgamated the use and existence of â€Å"monsters† as an essential aspect of a human being’s life because as the years have progressed, people have found it increasingly important to have an element of fear in their lives which can further motivate and instigate them to do better in different fields. In reality, there have been rumours about monsters existing under the sea as well as in broken down and remote areas of the world. For example, the Loch Ness Monster in